Week 14

 

  • Talking about our interviews with elders

  • Filled atmospheric CO2

  • Science of Climate Change Video

    • Extreme climate events becoming more common and more severe

      • Need to understand science to find solutions

      • Multiple droughts, if there is something that ignites then there will be a big fire from all of the dried wood.--This is an annual occurrence

      • 3 Factors of the earths climate

        • Solar  readiation

        • Reflectivity of grounds surface

        • Atmosphere

      • Likely the atmosphere

      • Green house affect- the reflection of the solar radiation + the gasses being trapped in atmosphere

      • Analyzing the air–to see how much carbon dioxide in the air

      • Carbon dioxide would go up and down in Manu Loa

        • CO2 will go up and down due to the plants growing, and decomposing

        • CO2 overall still rising

      • Documentation in South pole as well

      • Concentrations around 415 ppm (parts per million) CO2

      • Increasing dramatically

    • Use of Ice cores

    • Sample of antarctic ice will measure what the greenhouse gasses were at the time of the bubble

    • Over the last 30 years there has been a skyrocket of green house gasses

    • Analyzing the water molecules can show the past temperatures of the poles

    • Associated change in temperatures with CO2 rising

    • Rise in CO2 causes a rise in global temperatures

    • Varieties of carbon–to determine if it is from plants, oceans, and volcanos

      • Plants take up Carbon 12, this is then released when the plants die or are burned

      • Fossil fuels made of ancient plants–when we burn them they release carbon 12. This changes the ratio of the carbon variations

      • When more heat is trapped within the atmosphere, there are increasing climate phenomena

    • Converting our energy sources

      • Renewable energy

      • Opens up new green jobs and green technology

      • Carbon capture

      • Change agricultural practices

      • We have the solutions, we need more people/areas to put those solutions in place

  • The Greenhouse effect

    • Sun produces light to the earth

    • Some solar radiation is reflected by the Earth and the atmosphere

    • Sometimes it is absorbed by the Earths surface

    • When reflected it is infrared, when this infrared returns and gets to the atmosphere it hits molecules. Traps greenhouse gas molecules

    • A greenhouse gas is a gas that sits in the atmosphere and then heats the globe

    • Water vapor, CO2 and methane are the main greenhouse gasses

    • CO2 is mostly human caused

    • Methane sources are the poles (as they melt they release methane) and cows

    • Trend of increasing storms and increasing volatility are from the greenhouse gasses

    • Difference between weather event and a climate event

  • Phet lab simulation!Simulation

  • Last ten years are the hottest on record (this is not good!)

  • In October of 2022 we are at 415 ppm of CO2

  • Mauna Loa March 2024– 425.38 ppm CO2

  • Climate scientist have said NOT TO cross 350 ppm 

  • Lot of solutions

  • Seasonal change (plants) and having vegetation help CO2

  • Greenhouse gases–Manmade forcings

    • Carbon Dioxide, 42% increase since 1750

    • Methan 157% increase since 1750

    • Nitrous Oxide 25% increase since 1750

  • Hole in ozone layer (that caused skin cancer rates) →CFC being released. Hole was being cut in layer, but the hole has been closed

  • Methane, Carbon Dioxide, and Water vapor are vibrating due to infrared molecules. This causes more energy in the atmosphere which created big volatile storms. We know this is from the burning of fossil fuels (Carbon 12) and not volcanos and the ocean (which release carbon 13) 

  • COMES DOWN TO VIBRATING MOLECULES→ Greenhouse gasses


Lecture

  • Carbon dioxide

    • Does earth naturally change it’s climate? Yes, but not as fast as what it is currently changing (due to human impact)

    • When Carbon dioxide goes up in PPM then the temperature goes up

    • There is carbon 12, and carbon 13. Carbon 12 is when we burn plant material, and carbon 13 is natural

    • Carbon dioxide levels have changed overtime

    • So much carbon at a point (carboniferous) that plants were giant, and the animal life was bigger too

    • Historically temperature has also change

  • Solar Radiation (Sun), volcanic activity, human impacts are the reasons for climate change

    • But solar and volcanic forcings are the two dominant natural reasons for the change in temperature. Though they have not change in many years, which is why we know that temperature is human caused

  • Albedo- dark absorbs, light reflects

    • With the change of the Earth (melting glaciers, mild winters) the albedo changes

  • Albedo affect

    • Big Questions

      • What is the albedo affect and how does it affect climate? How does the GH Effect interact with the albedo effect? Is the albedo effect a positive or a negative feedback loop?

      • Positive albedo feedback loop= as a glacier melts and there is a blue pond the blue absorbs the sunlight, and then warms up more. When it warms up more there is more melting and more absorption

  • High albedo (1) completely reflects radiation

  • Low albedo (0) that complete absorbed radiation 

    • Can’t get pure 1 or pure 0

  • Antartica has more than 65,000 meltwater lakes as summer ice melts

  • Albedo effect

    • Positive cycles amplify while negative cycles negate effect


  • Find your carbon footprint

    • Solar panels can be helpful for the environment and the math makes it worth it


Reading Questions
What did I learn
I learned about global climate change and how it is speeding up due to human activity. Since the Industrial Revolution, burning fossil fuels has increased CO2 levels, which raises global temperatures. This leads to more extreme temperatures and weather. Positive feedback loops due to lower albedo in the poles make the effects worse.
What was most helpful
I found the visuals to be helpful, I did not know how much of an impact thermal expansion contributed. This was not something I learned in my environmental class.
More Information
I want to more about the human-factors, and focus on the human factors in Iowa. We are very big on agriculture, and tilling can contribute more carbon 12 to the atmosphere.
Questions
What factors should I focus on in the classroom when discussing human activity? When reading this, I think it would be cool to connect a social studies lesson to it, but I am concerned that won't be as engaging.

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